Asian common toad, duttaphrynus melanostictus, perched on the lush green grass, emitting a deep guttural croak, its vocal sac pulsating rhythmically with each note, calling and attracting a mate

asian common toad frog amphibian wild wildlife animal species pest spined black spectacled sunda javanese nature natural duttaphrynus melanostictus monsoon south southeast asia australia agriculture agricultural victoria parasite disease anura invasive terrestrial taiwan malaysia thailand indonesia breed cane biodiversity ecological crisis vocal sac call india grass season croak mate attract habitat